Глоссарий (анг)

The influx of new members into a population by either reproduction or immigration.

A macroscopic algal group.

Phragmites australis. (Common) reed is a large perennial grass found in wetlands throughout temperate and tropical regions of the world.

Thicket of Phragmites australis.

(1) Rock (including coral limestone and other rock types) lying at or near the sea surface that may constitute hazard for surface navigation. One of EU’s Habitats Directive underwater habitats, supporting high macroscopic biodiversity. (2) Reefs can be either biogenic concretions or of geogenic origin. They are hard compact substrata on solid and soft bottoms, which arise from the sea floor in the sublittoral and littoral zone. Reefs may support a zonation of benthic communities of algae and animal species as well as concretions and corallogenic concretions. (EU’s Habitats Directive underwater habitats,http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/legislation/habitatsdirective/docs/Int_Manual_EU28.pdf)

The time required for species and populations to adjust to changed environmental conditions.

Sediments that were originally deposited under different environmental conditions than those occurring today. See also Palimpsest. Relict refers also to an organism that at an earlier time was abundant in a large area but now occurs at only one or a few small restricted areas.

The level of disturbance that an ecosystem can undergo without crossing a threshold to a situation with different structure or outputs. Resilience depends on ecological dynamics as well as the organizational and institutional capacity to understand, manage, and respond to these dynamics.

The capacity of an ecosystem to withstand the impacts of drivers without displacement from its present state.

Human actions, including policies, strategies, and interventions, to address specific issues, needs, opportunities, or problems. In the context of ecosystem management, responses may be of legal, technical, institutional, economic, and behavioral nature and may operate at various spatial and time scales.